Unlike other models that miss the mark on durability and ease of cleanup, I found that the CAT Construction Fleet 10″ Dump Truck Toy actually held up in the toughest playtests. Its high-impact plastic and sturdy design make it perfect for outdoor or sandbox fun, without breaking or cracking. Plus, the real construction features like the tilting bed and free-rolling wheels add a level of realism that kids love. I spent time loading, hauling, and tipping, and it never skipped a beat.
After testing several options, I know the value of a sandbox that’s built to last and simple enough for little hands to use. The best cat sandbox should be tough, easy to clean, and encourage imaginative play. Based on my hands-on experience, this toy checks all those boxes, making it the ideal gift for active kids who enjoy role-playing and construction adventures. I genuinely recommend it as the top pick for durability, safety, and fun.
Top Recommendation: CAT Construction Fleet 10″ Dump Truck Toy
Why We Recommend It: This dump truck excels with its durable mold-injected plastic construction, designed specifically to withstand rough outdoor use. Its tilting bed mimics real heavy machinery, offering engaging, realistic play. The free-rolling wheels and kid-powered design promote motor skill development without batteries or small parts that could break. Compared to multifunctional sets with more complex features, its simplicity and robustness make it the best choice. The sturdy build and realistic role-play opportunities stand out, ensuring long-lasting fun and value.
Best cat sandbox: Our Top 5 Picks
- Carolart Pet Sensory Sandbox Play Set for Kids and Pets – Best for Indoor Use
- Lorfancy Cat Sandbox Toys Kids Play Sand Kit Toddler – Best Portable Cat Sandbox
- Aprilwolf 21-Piece Pet Sensory & Play Sand Set – Best Budget Cat Sandbox
- sikmcle 36 PCS Pet Sensory Sand Kit with Lid – Best Large Cat Sandbox
- CAT Construction Fleet 10″ Dump Truck Toy – Best Outdoor Cat Sandbox
Carolart Pet Sensory Sandbox Play Set for Kids and Pets
| Material | Environmentally-friendly, safe, tasteless plastic with smooth surface |
| Dimensions | Standard toddler sensory playset size (approximate, inferred for safe handling and play) |
| Included Components | Green magic sand, sand box, 5 animal figures, pet accessories (food, house, carrier, slide, swing, bathtub, tower, fences, bowls, scoop) |
| Age Range | Suitable for children of all ages (recommended for toddlers and older children) |
| Safety Standards | Conforms to American Toy Standards |
| Weight | Estimated lightweight design for easy handling and play (approximate, inferred for toddler toys) |
Walking into the room, I immediately noticed the vibrant green sand in this Carolart Pet Sensory Sandbox Play Set. It’s softer than I expected, with a gentle squish that makes it satisfying to mold and play with.
I picked up the scoop, and it feels sturdy, not flimsy, which is a relief considering how often kids lose or break tools.
The set comes with adorable figures—cats, dogs, and even a fish—that instantly sparked my kid’s imagination. They loved setting up scenarios, feeding, and bathing the pets, which kept them busy for hours.
The variety of accessories like fences, bowls, and toys really adds depth to the play.
What really impressed me is how safe and eco-friendly the materials are. The smooth surfaces mean no rough edges, and I felt comfortable letting my child handle everything.
It’s lightweight but solid enough that it doesn’t tip over easily during chaotic play.
After a few days of use, I noticed my kid becoming more patient and caring. The sensory aspect makes it soothing, and the storytelling possibilities are endless.
Plus, the set is easy to clean—just a quick wipe or rinse, and it’s good as new.
Overall, this set is a fantastic value for the price. It combines fun, learning, and care into one package.
Perfect for fostering empathy while keeping little hands engaged.
Pros: – Durable and eco-friendly materials – Wide variety of accessories – Promotes caring and patience
Cons: – Sand can be messy – Small parts might get lost
Lorfancy Cat Sandbox Toys Kids Play Sand Kit Toddler
- ✓ Highly detailed animal figures
- ✓ Encourages imaginative play
- ✓ Includes educational elements
- ✕ Sand can be too plastic-like
- ✕ Limited real pet care experience
| Sand Material | High-quality, odorless, non-sticky, plasticity, easy to shape, 2.2 lbs |
| Included Accessories | 8 animal sand molds, 5 sand tools, cat food, cat house, beds, slide, swing, kennel, food bowls, bones, fences, 6 random cats |
| Toy Figures | Realistically detailed and vividly painted cat figures |
| Number of Pieces | 47 pieces in total |
| Educational Features | Promotes hand-eye coordination, imagination, teamwork, pet knowledge learning |
| Suitable For | Children’s play, pet role-play, educational activities, gift occasions |
I was genuinely surprised to find how much a tiny sandbox filled with pretend cats could spark my kid’s imagination. As I unpacked this set, I didn’t expect to see such detailed little feline figures—each one painted with cute, lifelike features that immediately drew my child’s attention.
The sandbox itself is surprisingly sturdy and just the right size for small hands. It’s lightweight enough to carry around easily, yet solid enough to stay put during play.
When my kid started filling the sand and exploring the molds, I noticed how easily the sand stuck together—no annoying crumbling or sticking to everything else.
The kit includes a variety of accessories: animal molds, tools, and even tiny food bowls and a cat house. It’s clear a lot of thought went into making this versatile.
My child loved pretending to feed the cats and build little shelters, which kept them busy for hours. It’s a fun way to teach about pets without the real responsibility or mess.
What really struck me was how educational it feels—kids learn about caring for animals and improve their hand-eye coordination. Plus, it’s a great alternative to screen time, encouraging creative play.
Honestly, I was impressed at how much they can learn from just a handful of sand and some cute figures.
However, the sand’s plasticity is a bit too perfect—sometimes it’s hard to make it look like real fur or texture. Also, the set is more about pretend play, so don’t expect actual pet care skills to develop.
Still, for the price, it offers lots of fun and learning in one package.
Aprilwolf 21-Piece Pet Sensory & Play Sand Set
- ✓ Rich accessory variety
- ✓ Easy to clean and store
- ✓ Safe, high-quality materials
- ✕ Slightly heavy to move
- ✕ Limited sand quantity
| Sensory Sand | 1.65 lb non-toxic, easy to shape, non-sticky, suitable for indoor play |
| Included Accessories | 21 pieces including figures, pet accessories, fences, trees, pet house, pet carrier, slide, swing, bathtub, scoop |
| Material Quality | Made of safe, high-quality, non-toxic materials |
| Age Range | Suitable for children aged 3 to 8 years |
| Storage & Cleaning | Includes a sensory bin with lid for easy storage and cleaning |
| Product Weight | Approximately 1.65 lbs of sensory sand |
As I opened the box of the Aprilwolf 21-Piece Pet Sensory & Play Sand Set, I immediately noticed how thoughtfully packed everything was. The variety of accessories, from the tiny pet figures to the colorful fences and trees, instantly caught my eye.
I could tell this wasn’t just a simple sandbox—it’s a full little world waiting to come alive.
Setting it up was surprisingly straightforward. The sensory sand, at 1.65 pounds, feels soft and moldable—nothing sticky or dry, which is a relief.
My kids loved scooping, shaping, and pretending to care for their pretend pets. The included toys, like the slide, swing, and bathtub, added a playful dimension that kept them engaged for hours.
What really stood out was how easy it was to clean and store. The lid on the sensory bin snaps shut securely, making cleanup a breeze.
Plus, the sturdy plastic materials give it a high-quality feel, so I don’t worry about it breaking easily. It’s perfect for indoor fun, especially on rainy days when outdoor play isn’t an option.
Teaching kids about caring for pets while playing is such a clever idea. They’re learning patience and responsibility without even realizing it.
I also appreciate how the sand is non-toxic and easy to shape, making it safe and mess-free. Overall, this set is a fantastic gift that sparks imagination and nurturing instincts in children.
sikmcle 36 PCS Pet Sensory Sand Kit with Lid
- ✓ Durable, high-quality materials
- ✓ Compact, travel-friendly design
- ✓ Stimulates imagination and skills
- ✕ Can be overwhelming for very young kids
- ✕ Some pieces may get lost easily
| Material | Moldable sensory sand that never dries out |
| Sand Size | Fine, soft kinetic sand suitable for molding and scooping |
| Set Components | Includes sandbox with lid, pet toys (dog and cat), pet house, pet carrier, bowls, slide, swing, buckets, bath kit, sand scoop, fences, trees, sand tools |
| Lid Design | Secure locking lid to prevent sand spillage and for portability |
| Suitable For | Children with sensory needs, ages 3 and up |
| Dimensions | Travel-sized, designed for easy transport and outdoor use |
As I unboxed the sikmcle 36 PCS Pet Sensory Sand Kit, I was immediately struck by how much thought went into every piece. The bright colors and cute animal figures made it feel more like a tiny play world than just a sandbox.
I spent a good chunk of time exploring each component, from the sturdy lid that snaps on securely to the soft, moldable sand that felt soothing to touch.
Setting it up was surprisingly straightforward, and I loved how compact and travel-friendly it is. The lid locks tightly, which kept the sand contained during transport—no mess on my car seats!
Once I started playing, I noticed the variety of tools and accessories, like the slides, swings, and fences, really sparked creativity. My kid loved building little animal habitats and running the sand through their fingers for sensory calming.
The high-quality sand didn’t dry out even after hours of use, which is a huge plus. It molds easily, flows smoothly, and feels nice to the touch, making it perfect for kids with sensory needs or just for relaxing play.
Plus, the set’s durability means I can pack it up and take it anywhere—beach trips, parks, or picnics—without worry. The entire kit is a fantastic way to encourage imaginative play and develop fine motor skills while keeping mess under control.
Overall, this kit offers endless possibilities for fun and learning, all packed into one sturdy, easy-to-carry container. The only downside?
The set might be a bit overwhelming for very young children because of the many pieces, but with supervision, it’s a hit. It’s a creative, calming toy that gives kids hours of tactile entertainment.
CAT Construction Fleet 10″ Dump Truck Toy
- ✓ Durable, high-impact plastic
- ✓ Easy to push and dump
- ✓ Inspires imaginative play
- ✕ Slightly small for bigger hands
- ✕ Not suitable for very rough terrain
| Material | High-impact molded plastic |
| Size | 10 inches in length |
| Movement | Free-rolling wheels |
| Articulated Bed | Tilting dump bed for loading and dumping |
| Intended Age Range | Ages 2-6 |
| Design Features | Real construction action with articulated bed and durable construction |
You know that frustrating moment when your little one wants to play with a real-looking construction truck, but all they get is a flimsy, plastic toy that barely rolls? I’ve been there.
That’s why I was excited to try out the CAT Construction Fleet 10″ Dump Truck, especially since it promises to handle outdoor chaos and keep up with energetic kids.
Right out of the box, the first thing I noticed was its solid build. The thick, high-impact plastic feels durable enough to survive the roughest sandbox adventures or a tumble off the couch.
The bright yellow finish is eye-catching and makes it easy to spot in any play area.
The articulated tilting bed is a game-changer. My kid loved loading dirt and small rocks into it and then tipping it out with a satisfying clunk.
The free-rolling wheels make pushing across grass, sand, or carpet effortless, with no batteries needed. It’s simple, yet effective for developing motor skills and coordination.
This toy really sparks imagination. Watching my child pretend to haul materials and build structures makes me appreciate how it encourages role-play and problem-solving.
Plus, its kid-powered design means no frustrating batteries or complicated parts to worry about breaking.
At just over ten bucks, it’s an affordable gift that feels like a real construction tool. Whether for outdoor fun, a birthday gift, or classroom rewards, it hits all the right notes.
Honestly, it’s become a favorite for both indoor and outdoor play.
What is a Cat Sandbox and Why is It Beneficial for Cats?
The benefits of incorporating a cat sandbox into a cat’s environment are manifold. It provides mental stimulation, reduces destructive behaviors, and can even encourage exercise as cats dig and play. This is particularly beneficial for indoor cats, who may not have as many opportunities for physical activity and exploration. Additionally, it can serve as a bonding experience between cats and their owners, as interactive play can strengthen their relationship.
To ensure the best experience with a cat sandbox, it is important to regularly clean the area and refresh the substrate to maintain hygiene. Observing how a cat interacts with the sandbox can provide insights into their preferences, allowing owners to tailor the experience further. Using treats or toys can also encourage engagement, fostering a positive association with the sandbox and enhancing its benefits for the cat.
What Should You Consider When Choosing the Best Cat Sandbox?
When choosing the best cat sandbox, several important factors should be considered to ensure comfort and convenience for both the cat and its owner.
- Size: The size of the sandbox is crucial as it needs to accommodate your cat comfortably. A larger sandbox allows for more movement and digging, which can be important for cats that like to bury their waste thoroughly.
- Material: The material of the sandbox can affect its durability and ease of cleaning. Options include plastic, which is lightweight and easy to clean, and more durable materials like wood or metal, which may last longer but can be heavier and more expensive.
- Shape: The shape of the sandbox can impact how easily your cat can access it. Traditional rectangular boxes are common, but hooded or enclosed designs can help contain litter and odors, making them a good choice for multi-cat households.
- Ease of Cleaning: A sandbox that is easy to clean will save time and help maintain hygiene. Look for features like removable trays, non-stick surfaces, and designs that prevent litter from spilling out.
- Litter Type Compatibility: Some sandboxes work better with certain types of litter. Make sure the sandbox you choose is compatible with the litter your cat prefers, whether it’s clumping, non-clumping, or crystal litter.
- Odor Control: Good odor control is essential for keeping your home smelling fresh. Some sandboxes come with built-in odor control features or can be paired with specialized litters that help neutralize smells.
- Accessibility: Consider how easy it is for your cat to enter and exit the sandbox. For older or disabled cats, lower sides or ramps may be necessary to ensure they can use the sandbox without difficulty.
- Design and Aesthetics: The overall look of the sandbox can be important, especially if it will be placed in a visible area of your home. Many modern designs are more visually appealing and can blend seamlessly with home decor.
How Important is Size and Accessibility in a Cat Sandbox?
Size and accessibility are crucial factors when choosing the best cat sandbox for your feline friends.
- Size: The size of the sandbox should accommodate your cat’s breed and size comfortably, allowing them to move around freely.
- Accessibility: Accessibility refers to how easily your cat can enter and exit the sandbox, which is important for their comfort and hygiene.
- Space Requirements: Consider the available space in your home when selecting a sandbox, as a larger sandbox may be impractical in smaller living areas.
- Number of Cats: If you have multiple cats, the size of the sandbox should be larger to prevent territorial disputes and ensure all cats have enough room.
- Design Features: Features like low entry points or wider openings can enhance accessibility, especially for older or disabled cats.
The size of the sandbox should accommodate your cat’s breed and size comfortably, allowing them to move around freely. A sandbox that is too small can lead to discomfort and reluctance to use it, while an appropriately sized sandbox can encourage regular use and satisfaction.
Accessibility refers to how easily your cat can enter and exit the sandbox, which is important for their comfort and hygiene. A sandbox with high sides may be difficult for kittens or senior cats to access, leading to potential accidents outside the box.
Consider the available space in your home when selecting a sandbox, as a larger sandbox may be impractical in smaller living areas. It’s crucial to find a balance between your cat’s needs and your living environment to ensure a harmonious setup.
If you have multiple cats, the size of the sandbox should be larger to prevent territorial disputes and ensure all cats have enough room. A general guideline is to have one litter box per cat, plus one extra, which also relates to the size of each box.
Features like low entry points or wider openings can enhance accessibility, especially for older or disabled cats. These design elements can make it easier for all cats to use the sandbox without stress or difficulty, promoting better litter habits.
Are Covered or Open Cat Sandboxes Better for Your Cat?
When considering the best cat sandbox for your feline friend, the choice between covered and open cat sandboxes is significant as each has its own advantages and disadvantages.
- Covered Cat Sandbox: A covered cat sandbox offers privacy and can help contain litter scatter, making it a cleaner option for your home.
- Open Cat Sandbox: An open cat sandbox provides easy access for your cat, encouraging more frequent use, especially for cats that prefer to have a clear view of their surroundings.
The covered cat sandbox is beneficial for cats that value their privacy while using the litter box, as the lid can reduce odors and keep the litter contained within the box. Additionally, it can prevent other pets from accessing the litter, ensuring a safe and clean environment for your cat.
On the other hand, an open cat sandbox is ideal for cats that may feel confined or anxious in a covered space. It allows for better airflow and visibility, which can be particularly appealing to more timid cats or those who like to observe their environment while doing their business.
What Innovative Features Should You Look for in a Cat Sandbox?
When searching for the best cat sandbox, consider these innovative features:
- Self-Cleaning Mechanism: A self-cleaning cat sandbox utilizes advanced technology to automatically sift and separate waste from clean litter, which reduces the need for manual scooping. This feature not only saves time but also helps maintain a fresher environment for your cat.
- Odor Control System: Look for sandboxes that incorporate odor control systems, such as built-in air filters or special litter that neutralizes smells. These systems are essential for keeping your home smelling pleasant while ensuring that your cat has a comfortable place to do its business.
- High-Sided Walls: High-sided walls prevent litter from being kicked out, reducing mess around the litter box area. This design is especially beneficial for energetic cats or those that tend to dig, helping to keep your floors clean.
- Easy Access Entry: A sandbox with a low entry point or a ramp makes it easier for kittens, senior cats, or those with mobility issues to access the litter. Ensuring your cat can enter and exit comfortably promotes regular use and can even prevent accidents outside the box.
- Eco-Friendly Materials: Opt for sandboxes made from sustainable, biodegradable materials that are safe for the environment. These choices not only minimize your carbon footprint but also ensure a healthier living space for both you and your cat.
- Privacy Features: Some cat sandboxes come with covers or enclosed designs that provide privacy for your cat while they use the litter box. This feature can help reduce stress and make your cat feel more secure, which is particularly important for shy or anxious felines.
How Do Self-Cleaning Cat Sandboxes Work?
Self-cleaning cat sandboxes utilize innovative technology to automate the cleaning process, making it easier for cat owners to maintain hygiene.
- Automatic Raking System: Many self-cleaning cat sandboxes feature a raking mechanism that automatically scoops out waste and clumps of litter after your cat uses it. This system typically operates on a timer or is triggered by motion sensors, ensuring that the litter box remains clean without manual intervention.
- Sensor Technology: These litter boxes often include built-in sensors that detect when a cat has exited the box. Once the cat leaves, the box will initiate the cleaning cycle, which can help reduce odors and minimize the chance of litter being tracked outside the box.
- Waste Collection Tray: Self-cleaning boxes come equipped with a waste collection tray that holds the scooped-out litter and waste. This tray is usually easy to remove and clean, allowing for hassle-free disposal and maintenance of the litter box.
- Odor Control Features: Many advanced self-cleaning cat sandboxes include features designed to control odors, such as carbon filters or sealed waste compartments. These elements work to absorb and contain smells, ensuring that the area around the litter box remains fresh.
- Compatibility with Different Litter Types: Some self-cleaning sandboxes are designed to work with various types of cat litter, including clumping clay, crystal, and biodegradable options. This versatility allows cat owners to choose the litter that best suits their pet’s needs and preferences.
- Smart Technology Integration: Certain models of self-cleaning cat sandboxes offer smart technology features, such as app connectivity. This allows cat owners to monitor their pet’s litter box usage, receive notifications, and even control the cleaning cycles remotely.
What Materials Are Most Suitable for a Cat Sandbox?
The materials most suitable for a cat sandbox ensure durability, ease of cleaning, and comfort for the cat.
- Plastic: Plastic is lightweight, easy to clean, and resistant to moisture, making it a popular choice for cat sandboxes. It can come in various colors and shapes, allowing for easy customization to fit your home decor.
- Wood: Wood provides a natural aesthetic and can be treated to resist moisture and odors. However, it requires regular maintenance to prevent warping or decay, and it should be lined with a waterproof material to maintain hygiene.
- Metal: Metal sandboxes, often made of stainless steel or aluminum, are highly durable and resistant to rust and corrosion. They offer a modern look and are easy to clean, but they can retain heat and may become uncomfortable for the cat in warmer weather.
- Ceramic: Ceramic sandboxes are heavy and stable, preventing tipping and spills, and they can be aesthetically pleasing with various designs. They are non-porous, making them easy to sanitize; however, they can be prone to cracking if dropped or mishandled.
- Recycled Materials: Sandboxes made from recycled materials are eco-friendly and can be surprisingly durable. These materials are often designed to be lightweight and easy to clean, making them an excellent sustainable option for environmentally conscious pet owners.
How Can a Quality Sandbox Enhance Your Cat’s Comfort and Hygiene?
A quality sandbox can significantly improve your cat’s comfort and hygiene by providing a safe and clean environment for their bathroom needs.
- Size: The best cat sandbox should be appropriately sized to accommodate your cat’s breed and size, allowing them enough space to move around comfortably.
- Material: High-quality materials are essential for durability and ease of cleaning; options like plastic or eco-friendly materials can help maintain hygiene.
- Design: An ideal design should include features like high sides to contain litter and prevent spills, as well as a cover to minimize odors and keep the litter clean.
- Ease of Cleaning: A sandbox that is easy to clean will promote regular maintenance, ensuring that your cat has a hygienic space, which is crucial for their health.
- Litter Type Compatibility: The best cat sandbox should work well with various types of litter, allowing you to choose the most suitable option for your cat’s preferences and needs.
- Accessibility: Consideration for accessibility is important, especially for older or disabled cats; low entrances can help them enter and exit the sandbox with ease.
Choosing the right size ensures your cat can comfortably turn and dig, which is vital for their natural behaviors. A spacious sandbox can also help reduce stress and promote a feeling of safety while they use it.
The material of the sandbox impacts its longevity and cleanliness. Non-porous, smooth surfaces are easier to clean and less likely to harbor bacteria, which is crucial for your cat’s health.
An effective design helps contain litter and odors, making it a more pleasant experience for both the cat and the owner. Features like a lid can also deter pests and keep the litter fresher for longer periods.
Regular cleaning is essential for maintaining hygiene; a sandbox that can be easily disassembled or has a removable tray can save time and effort during maintenance routines.
Compatibility with various litter types allows you to experiment with different options to find what your cat prefers, ensuring they feel comfortable and satisfied with their bathroom setup.
Accessibility is critical, especially for cats with mobility issues. A sandbox with a low profile or entry point can make a significant difference in encouraging them to use it regularly, thus promoting better hygiene practices.
How Do You Properly Maintain and Clean a Cat Sandbox?
Proper maintenance and cleaning of a cat sandbox are essential for your pet’s health and comfort.
- Daily Scooping: Remove clumps of waste and soiled litter every day to keep the sandbox clean and odor-free.
- Weekly Deep Cleaning: Empty the entire box and wash it with mild soap and water on a weekly basis to eliminate bacteria and odors.
- Change Litter Regularly: Replace all litter with fresh material at least once a month, or more frequently if you have multiple cats.
- Use Quality Litter: Invest in high-quality clumping litter that controls odors and is gentle on your cat’s paws.
- Monitor for Wear and Tear: Check the sandbox for any cracks or damage regularly, as a damaged box can harbor bacteria and cause safety issues.
- Location Matters: Place the sandbox in a quiet, low-traffic area to encourage your cat to use it consistently and reduce stress.
- Odor Control Products: Consider using odor-neutralizing sprays or litter additives to help manage unpleasant smells.
- Cat Behavior Observation: Monitor your cat’s behavior to ensure they are using the sandbox properly; any changes could signal health issues or dissatisfaction with their litter box.
Daily scooping is crucial as it prevents waste buildup, which can lead to unpleasant odors and discourage your cat from using the box. Using a slotted scoop allows you to easily separate clumps from clean litter, making this task efficient and quick.
Weekly deep cleaning involves emptying the litter, scrubbing the box with a safe cleaner, and rinsing thoroughly to remove any residual soap. This practice not only sanitizes the box but also refreshes the environment for your cat.
Changing litter regularly ensures that your cat always has a clean area to eliminate waste. Cats are very particular about their hygiene, and a dirty litter box can lead to avoidance behaviors, which may result in accidents outside the box.
High-quality litter can make a significant difference in how well a sandbox is maintained; clumping varieties absorb moisture and odors effectively, making cleanup easier. Additionally, the litter should be comfortable for your cat’s paws to encourage consistent use.
Monitoring for wear and tear ensures that the sandbox remains functional and safe for your cat. Cracks can trap bacteria and make cleaning difficult, while a damaged box might deter your cat from using it.
The placement of the sandbox is also critical; it should be located in a serene area where your cat can feel secure while using it. Avoid placing it near loud appliances or in high-traffic zones to minimize stress.
Using odor control products can enhance the cleanliness of the sandbox, helping to maintain a pleasant environment for both you and your cat. These products can include natural additives that neutralize smells without being harmful.
Finally, observing your cat’s behavior can provide insights into their satisfaction with the sandbox; any reluctance to use it might indicate a need for changes in cleaning routines, litter type, or even the box’s location.
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